تصمیم‌گیری در پیوند آب، انرژی، غذا و محیط زیست: مسیرهایی به سوی توسعه‌ی پایدار کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی به زبان انگلیسی

نویسندگان

رضا احمد فخرالدین ¹

عباس میرزایی ¹

مرتضی تاکی ²

حسن آزرم ¹

¹ گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

² گروه مهندسی ماشین‌های کشاورزی و مکانیزاسیون، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22067/jead.2025.95571.1378

چکیده

ما کوشیده‌ایم تا با ایجاد یک سیستم جامع و به‌هم‌پیوسته، تعریف تازه‌ای از پیوند آب-انرژی-غذا-محیط­زیست-تصمیم‌گیرندگان (WEFED) ارائه دهیم. در این مطالعه، معیارهای مصرف، بهره‌وری فیزیکی و بهره‌وری اقتصادی مربوط به آب آبیاری، انرژی تجدیدپذیر و تجدیدناپذیر، همچنین معیارهای مصرف کود و آفت‌کش، انتشار CO₂ و حفاظت از تالاب‌ها را برای تبیین پیوند آب-انرژی-غذا-محیط­زیست (WEFE) در نظر گرفتیم. سپس تأثیر دیدگاه‌های تصمیم‌گیرندگان را بر معیارهای این پیوند، در قالب هفت سناریوی مدیریتی متفاوت شامل مدیریت مصرف آب (WCM)، مدیریت مصرف انرژی (ECM)، مدیریت اقتصادی آب (WEM)، مدیریت اقتصادی انرژی (EEM)، مدیریت زیست‌محیطی (ENM)، مدیریت با وزن‌دهی مساوی به معیارها (WEFE)، و مدیریت با وزن‌دهی بر اساس نظرات تصمیم‌گیرندگان منطقه مورد مطالعه (WEFED) با استفاده از روش TOPSIS ارزیابی کردیم. به‌منظور ادغام صریح دیدگاه‌های تصمیم‌گیرندگان در این سیستم (رویکرد WEFED)، وزن اختصاص‌یافته به هر معیار پایداری در یکی از سناریوها، مستقیماً بر اساس نظرسنجی از تصمیم‌گیرندگان محلی و با استفاده از روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی فازی (FAHP) تعیین شد. یافته‌های مطالعه نشان داد که در سناریوهای WCM، ECM و ENM، کشت جو بالاترین اولویت را داشت، با این حال، علی‌رغم بهبود پارامترهای زیست‌محیطی، کاهش بهره‌وری اقتصادی آب و انرژی نسبت به الگوی فعلی مشاهده شد. در مقابل، در سناریوهای WEM و EEM، کشت گوجه‌فرنگی در اولویت قرار گرفت و علی‌رغم بدتر شدن شرایط زیست‌محیطی، بهبود بهره‌وری فیزیکی و اقتصادی آب و انرژی نسبت به الگوی فعلی نشان داده شد. اختلاف نتایج میان الگوهای سناریوی پایدار مختلف، تأثیر قابل‌توجه دیدگاه‌های تصمیم‌گیرندگان را بر مدیریت پایدار کشاورزی برجسته ساخت. در نهایت مشخص شد که سناریوی WEFE بیشترین تعداد بهبود (۱۱ مورد از ۱۳ معیار) را در معیارهای مدیریت پایدار نسبت به الگوی فعلی به همراه دارد. بنابراین، یافته‌ها نشان داد که رویکرد کل‌نگر و مبتنی بر وزن‌دهی مساوی در پیوند (WEFE)، ضمن افزایش مصرف آب، متعادل‌ترین نتایج پایداری را ارائه می‌دهد، هرچند که اجرای آن باید با حاکمیت قوی بر آب همراه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

انتشارCO₂

حفاظت از تالاب‌ها

دیدگاه‌های پایداری

مدیریت اقتصادی آب و انرژی

موضوعات

• مدیریت کشاورزی

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عنوان مقاله English

Decision-Making in the Water-Energy-Food-Environment Nexus: Pathways to Sustainable Agricultural Development

نویسندگان English

R.A. Fakhroldin ¹

A. Mirzaei ¹

M. Taki ²

H. Azarm ¹

¹ Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

² Department of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

چکیده English

We have strived to present a fresh definition of the water-energy-food-environment-decision makers (WEFED) nexus through the creation of a comprehensive and interconnected system. In this study, we considered criteria for consumption, mass productivity, and economic productivity related to irrigation water, renewable and non-renewable energy, as well as the criteria of fertilizer and pesticide use, CO₂ emissions, and wetland conservation to elucidate the water-energy-food-environment (WEFE) nexus. We then assessed the impact of decision-makers’ perspectives on the nexus criteria under seven different management scenarios: water consumption management (WCM), energy consumption management (ECM), water economic management (WEM), energy economic management (EEM), environmental management (ENM), management with equal weight given to criteria (WEFE), and management with weight based on the opinions of decision makers in the study area (WEFED), employing TOPSIS method. To explicitly integrate decision-makers’ perspectives into this system (the WEFED approach), the weights assigned to each sustainability criterion in one scenario were determined directly based on a survey of local decision-makers using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (FAHP) method. The study findings revealed that in the WCM, ECM, and ENM scenarios, barley cultivation held the highest priority, yet despite improvements in environmental parameters, a decrease in water and energy economic productivity was observed compared to the current pattern. Conversely, in the WEM and EEM scenarios, tomato cultivation took precedence, and despite the deterioration of environmental conditions, enhanced mass and economic water and energy productivity were demonstrated compared to the current pattern. The discrepancy in results among the various sustainable scenario patterns underscored the substantial impact of decision-makers’ perspectives on sustainable agricultural management. Finally, it was determined that the WEFE scenario returned the greatest number of improvements (11 out of 13 criteria) in sustainable management criteria compared to the current pattern. Therefore, the findings revealed that a holistic, equally-weighted nexus approach (WEFE), while increasing water consumption, delivers the most balanced sustainability outcomes, though its implementation must be coupled with robust water governance.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

CO2 emission

Sustainability perspectives

Water and energy economic management

Wetland conservation

Authors retain the copyright. This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

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