تأثیر آزادسازی تجارت محصولات کشاورزی بر قیمت مواد غذایی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی به زبان انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

گسترش تجارت و آزادسازی آن، از متداول‌ترین سیاست‌ها برای دست‌یابی به رشد و توسعه اقتصادی در اغلب کشورها به شمار می‌رود. آزادسازی تجارت محصولات کشاورزی و اثر آن بر قیمت مواد غذایی، به دلیل اهمیت مواد غذایی در سبد مصرفی خانوار، یکی از مهم‌ترین اهداف دولت‌ها برای دسترسی عموم جامعه به مواد غذایی سالم و کافی است. در مطالعه حاضر، تأثیر آزادسازی تجاری بر قیمت مواد غذایی در ایران بررسی شده‌است. بدین منظور، از مدل تصحیح خطای تک‌معادله‌ای (SEECM)‌ با استفاده داده‌های سالانه مورد نیاز طی دوره زمانی سال‌های 98-1368 بهره گرفته شد. نتایج برآورد مدل SEECM نشان‌دهنده آن است که ضریب تصحیح خطا معنی‌دار و برابر با 345/0- بوده و بیانگر این امر است که در بلندمدت اگر یک شوکی بر قیمت داخلی مواد غذایی وارد شود بازار داخلی می‌تواند سالانه فقط 30 درصد آن را تعدیل کند. همچنین روابط تعادلی بلندمدت برآورد شده در مدل SEECM مؤید آن است که قیمت جهانی محصولات غذایی اثر مثبت و آزادسازی تجاری، اثری منفی بر قیمت مواد غذایی داخلی دارند. با توجه به نوسانات قیمت‌های جهانی و تأثیرپذیری قیمت‌های داخلی از آن، لزوم توجه به نوسانات قیمت‌های جهانی و نرخ ارز در تدوین سیاست‌های تجاری توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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