تحلیل پویای ابعاد اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و اجتماعی پایداری کشاورزی در استان‌های ایران با رویکرد شاخص‌ها

صالح نیا, مینا; رفعتی, محسن

doi:10.22067/jead.2022.74534.1110

تحلیل پویای ابعاد اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و اجتماعی پایداری کشاورزی در استان‌های ایران با رویکرد شاخص‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مؤسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، تهران، ایران

10.22067/jead.2022.74534.1110

چکیده

در تداوم حیات بشری، کشاورزی و تولیدات آن نقش بنیادینی را ایفا میکنند. با ارزیابی میزان پایداری کشاورزی و مشخص کردن روند حرکت رو به توسعه کشاورزی و تهدیدهای پیش روی آن، میتوان نسبت به توصیه، شکلگیری و اتخاذ اقدامات واقعبینانه برای بهبود پایداری در بخش کشاورزی اقدام نمود. در همین راستا هدف مطالعه حاضر، ارزیابی شاخصهایی در ابعاد سه گانه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی پایداری کشاورزی در سطح استانهای کشور میباشد. به این منظور از آخرین اطلاعات در دسترس آمارنامههای وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، نتایج آمارگیری نیروی کار مرکز آمار ایران و سالنامههای آماری استانهای مختلف استفاده شد. در بعد سنجش پایداری محیط زی تنوع محصول، میزان مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و آلی، و مصرف آفتکشها، در بعد اقتصادی از شاخص کوانتومی تولید محصولات و ثبات در تولید محصول، و در بعد اجتماعی از دو شاخص اشتغال نیروی کار روستایی و امنیت غذایی روستایی بهره گرفته شد. از مهمترین نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق میتوان به وضعیت مناسب عموم استانهای کشور از لحاظ تنوع کشت با استفاده از شاخص هرفیندال، لزوم کاربرد و مدیریت بهینه کودهای آلی در کلیه استانهای کشور به خصوص در استان گلستان، میزان بالای مصرف سموم شیمیایی در استانهای شمالی و جنوبی کشور، روند ثابت یا کاهش معنیدار شاخص کوانتومی تولید محصولات در اکثر استانها، کاهش محسوس نرخ اشتغال جمعیت روستایی در استان چهار محال و بختیاری، و سهم بیشتر هزینه کرد برای خرید مواد غذایی در روستاهای استان سیستان و بلوچستان اشاره کرد. توسعه مبارزه بیولوژیک علیه آفات (به ویژه در مورد برنج و گوجه فرنگی)، پرداخت یارانه غیر مستقیم نهاده در مورد کودها و آفتکشهای آلی و زیستی، حفاظت از منابع پایه خاک و آب به منظور پایدارسازی تولیدات، و تنوع بخشی به منابع درآمدی و معیشتی کشاورزان خردهپا با اولویت استانهای کمتر برخوردار مانند سیستان و بلوچستان و کردستان، از پیشنهادات مطالعه حاضر میباشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20084722.1402.37.1.2.6

موضوعات

اقتصاد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست

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