Agricultural Economics
A. Mahmoodi; Y. Azarinfar
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of aggregation different types of pulses as well as sugar, using the single and multiple hypotheses test. The former hypothesis tests include Composite Commodity Theorem (Leontief and Hicks) and Generalized Composite Commodity Theorem ...
Read More
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of aggregation different types of pulses as well as sugar, using the single and multiple hypotheses test. The former hypothesis tests include Composite Commodity Theorem (Leontief and Hicks) and Generalized Composite Commodity Theorem (GCCT) and the latter hypothesis tests include the Bonferroni, Simes, Holm, and Hochberg procedures and the results of mentioned methods were compared. Data of the period 2006-2018 for this study were obtained from the Statistics Center of Iran..The results of multiple tests of Bonferroni, Simes and Hochberg for different types of pulses showed that with the exception of “mixed pea and bean”, other products can be aggregated into the group of Pulses. Also, based on the results of Bonferroni, Simes, Holm and Hochberg, different types of sugar can be aggregated into the group of Sugar. The results of the individual hypothesis test are not the same for different types of pulses and different types of sugar. In other words, according to Leontief method, the hypothesis of aggregate the different types of beans together was not confirmed, while according to Hicks method, this hypothesis was confirmed. Similarly, according to the Leontief method, the hypothesis of aggregate the different types of sugar together was rejected, while according to the Hicks method, this hypothesis was confirmed. The result of the GCCT showed that all types of pulses (except “other beans”) can be aggregated into the Pulses group. The types of sugar can also be aggregated into the Sugar group according to the generalized composite method. Based on the results, when the number of observations is low, the use of single tests and specifically the GCCT will not show the exactly same results, which confirms Davis (2003) finding that the GCCT does not guarantee proper aggregation of goods. In these cases, multiple tests would be recommended.
M.R. Lotfalipour; Y. Azarinfar; R. Mohammadzadeh
Abstract
Considering the importance of the agriculture sector in Iran, this study investigated factors affecting economic growth and development of the agriculture sector in Iran over the period of 1967-2009 for short term and long term, using ARDL model. The results showed that the ratios of public investment ...
Read More
Considering the importance of the agriculture sector in Iran, this study investigated factors affecting economic growth and development of the agriculture sector in Iran over the period of 1967-2009 for short term and long term, using ARDL model. The results showed that the ratios of public investment expenditure to the GDP for short-term and long term have positive impacts on the economic growth. However, the dummy variables of revolution, war and the oil shock have negative effects on the economic growth. It is worth mentioning that in the short term the ratio of private investment expenditure to the GDP does not have a significant effect on the economic growth. Meanwhile, in the agricultural sector the ratio of private sector investment to the value added caused by the private sector has a positive effect on the agricultural growth. Furthermore, the ratio of the public sector investment to the value added, have positive effects on the agricultural growth. The employment rate, however, has a negative impact on the growth of the agriculture sector .Within a short-term, in the agricultural sector the ratio of private sector investment to the value added and the ratio of public sector investment to the value added, have positive. The dummy variable o war has a significant negative effect and the other variables have no significant effect. Error correction coefficient shows that the total effect of a government policy on the economic growth and the agricultural growth is observable in a short period of time. Ultimately, the economic growth in Iran is mainly nfluanced by the public setor nvestment the agricultural sector is mainly influenced by the private sector investment. A simultaneous development of public and private sector investment contributes to the total growth and the agricultural growth.
S. Gholipour; R. Mohammadzadeh; M. Bakhshoodeh; Y. Azarinfar; M. Rafati
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the long run and short run interactions between agricultural trade liberalization and shares of the two sectors of agriculture and services in the total export and import products and services of Iran during the years 1961-2008. To figure out interactions, ...
Read More
AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the long run and short run interactions between agricultural trade liberalization and shares of the two sectors of agriculture and services in the total export and import products and services of Iran during the years 1961-2008. To figure out interactions, the vector correction model was used. The ratio of the sum of imports and exports to the GDP were considered as an index of trade openness. The Johansen test reveled that there are three long term relations among the variables of this study. Based on the findings, the higher the level of agricultural trade openness goes, the more the import shares of agriculture and service sectors in the long run are. Furthermore, agricultural trade liberalization has caused the exports of both agricultural products and services to decline in the short term.
M. Rafati; Y. Azarinfar; R. Mohammadzadeh
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this study was to selecting the suitable model for forecast land, production and Price of sugar beet in Iran. For this purpose, Models applied to forecast are ARIMA, Single and Double Exponential Smoothing, Harmonic, Artificial Neural Network and ARCH for period 1993-2008. Results ...
Read More
AbstractThe aim of this study was to selecting the suitable model for forecast land, production and Price of sugar beet in Iran. For this purpose, Models applied to forecast are ARIMA, Single and Double Exponential Smoothing, Harmonic, Artificial Neural Network and ARCH for period 1993-2008. Results of Durbin-Watson tests, land, production and price of sugar beet series were found non stochastic and predictable. Based on the lowest forecasting error criterion, ARIMA is the best model for forecast production and price of sugar beet series. But in orther to forecast land of sugar beet, Neural Network model is the best. Hence, using the forecast method can affect on different policy about production via forecasting the fluctuation variables.Jel Classification: Q11 – D12 – C32 – C22
M.R. Lotfalipour; Y. Azarinfar; A. Dadras Moghadam
Abstract
AbstractThis study deals with the trade liberalization and it's subsequences on the agricultural sector of Iran during the years of 1967-2007. To this end on the basis of theories, the exports, imports, supply and demand functions of agricultural sector have been determined, and are regressed by the ...
Read More
AbstractThis study deals with the trade liberalization and it's subsequences on the agricultural sector of Iran during the years of 1967-2007. To this end on the basis of theories, the exports, imports, supply and demand functions of agricultural sector have been determined, and are regressed by the Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) methodology. Also to recognize the effects of different variables on the above mentioned functions, the methodology of variance detection is used. The results show that the trade liberalization have only an insignificant effect on the demand of agricultural products, but it has a meaningful impacts on the agricultural supply. While the liberalization variables does not have a meaningful impacts on the. imports of agricultural products, the exports of agricultural products are followed by the liberalization indices. This is due to the huge role of the government on the import of the agricultural products. JEL: F 14, F 17, Q 17
