M. Sheibani Nougabi; F. Rastegaripour; T. Mohtashami
Abstract
Introduction: Food security not only requires an adequate supply of food, but also manages the equitable distribution of food and income. The FAO estimates that about 98% of the world's food insecure and malnourished people live in developing countries, with the largest number of malnourished people ...
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Introduction: Food security not only requires an adequate supply of food, but also manages the equitable distribution of food and income. The FAO estimates that about 98% of the world's food insecure and malnourished people live in developing countries, with the largest number of malnourished people living in Asia and the Pacific. Given that the majority of the populations of developing countries live in rural areas, improving the level of food security of rural households is a very prominent goal in developing countries. In Iran also, the ratio of severe malnutrition is 4.9% of the total population. The poverty line in Khorasan Razavi rural areas has increased by 28.4% in the summer of 2018 compared to the spring of 2018, which may indicate that more people are below the poverty line in 2018 than in previous years. Also, in comparing the rural and urban poverty line in Khorasan Razavi, the rural poverty line had a higher growth compared with the urban poverty line during this period, that indicate an increase in poverty in these areas. So, it is important to examine food security situation especially in these areas and identify the variables that determine it. The aim of current study is to analyze the nutritional status of rural households in Khorasan Razavi province.Materials and Methods: Data for the study are prepared by collecting 400 questionnaires from 40 villages selected by multistage cluster sampling in 2019 in Khorasan Razavi province. In this study Berry index and food group counts were used to assess dietary diversity. Using the FAO classification and the human nutritional pyramid, consumed foods were pooled into 14 groups. These include bread, vegetables, fruits, meat, fish and seafood, oils and butter, pastries, spices, cereals, nuts and seeds, eggs, milk and dairy products, Potatoes, drinks and rice. In the Berry Index, dietary diversity is measured by the number and distribution of food consumption and in the food group index, food scores are measured using the 24-hour dietary method. In order to investigate the factors affecting the equal share of rural households' food consumption, the Ordinal Logit model was used. The dependent variable was divided into five groups: very low food diversity, low food diversity, downward average food diversity, upward average food diversity and high food diversity.Results and Discussion: Based on results, average index of food groups in the region is 6.08, which indicate that dietary diversity is at a moderate and favorable level, but the average of the Berry index in the study area is 0.83. On average, dietary diversity, and consequently food security, is moderately lower and almost desirable. The difference between the minimum and maximum numerical values of both indices in the sample showed a significant difference between dietary diversity and food security in the studied sample. Thus, the studied rural households are in a moderate level of food security in terms of number of consumed food groups but in moderately low level in terms of share of food groups' consumption. Using the ordinal logit model, variables including gender, education, housing status, monthly food cost, household purchasing power index, awareness, market access and food aid all positively influence household dietary diversity. In other words, increases in the level of these independent variables increase the likelihood that households will be at higher levels of dietary diversity. Parallel regression tests were used to determine whether the ordinal logit model is a suitable model and after performing the relevant test, the ordinal logit model provided the parallel regression condition and the ordinal logit model provided a suitable model.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, improving the food security of rural households in the region requires providing suitable employment opportunities for female-headed households and providing facilities such as micro-credit for setting up and developing household businesses. It is also needed to provide food aids in a variety of food baskets for rural households.
E. Azadegan; F. Rastegaripour; M. Sabouhi
Abstract
In farming activities, various resources and inputs are utilized to produce agricultural products.. One of the most important goals of agricultural managers and programmers is to assess the optimal resource allocation for designing an appropriate cultivation pattern. Mathematical programming is a common ...
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In farming activities, various resources and inputs are utilized to produce agricultural products.. One of the most important goals of agricultural managers and programmers is to assess the optimal resource allocation for designing an appropriate cultivation pattern. Mathematical programming is a common approach to achieve the optimal pattern. In this study, the two approaches of Fuzzy De-Novo and De-Novo programming are first described, and later their applications in determining the optimal cultivation pattern is discussed. The study was conducted in 2009-2010. Using the random sampling technique, 127 farmers of Sabzevar city were selected and interviewed in person. The data collection was based on completing questionnaires. Results showed that farmers in the three groups of the small farms (less than 6.5 hectare), the medium farms (high than 6.5 and less than 13 hectare) and the large farms (high than 13 hectare) can increase the level of the impure efficiency and can make the resource utilization more efficient by changing their present cultivation patterns. using proper cultivation patterns.
JEL Classification: C61,Q21
M. Babaei; F. Rastegaripour; M. Sabouhi
Abstract
Analyzing the efficiency of agricultural productions plays an important role in raising their productions and performances without spending extra cost. In this studyThis study evaluated were the interval evaluated e fficiency and no efficiency of interval for greenhouseof greenhouse cucumber producers ...
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Analyzing the efficiency of agricultural productions plays an important role in raising their productions and performances without spending extra cost. In this studyThis study evaluated were the interval evaluated e fficiency and no efficiency of interval for greenhouseof greenhouse cucumber producers somefor some subsectors of Sistan region. This research was doneThe study conducted on the basisbased on the approach of of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The , and data and information were collected in the year of 2009 by the two organizations of Jihad via Agriculture Department,and Agriculture Bank. The two organizations attempted at and ccompleting 42 questionnaires by responded by greenhouse cucumber farmers. The results showed that the average interval efficiency average set of interval )was between 0.033, and 0.908( . Amount ofThe average technical efficiency average iswas 0.954. Of the total data, and from total of data about 53.33% of them have efficiency equal to 1. The most highest and the lowest efficiency is was 100% and 0.846 respectively. This subjectThe results indicate that showed thatprograms aimed at improving with increasing ffarmer’ss’ technical efficiency suchefficiency, such as performance of educational classes, we can increasecauses the production to increase and decrease the expenses to decrease without many changes in at the level of technology and used resourcesresource inputs.
M. Homayounifar; F. Rastegaripour
Abstract
In the present study, water allocation of Latian Dam between agricultural products was evaluated by using inexact two-stage optimization model and the final results were compared to a fuzzy interval. Data were collected from the Regional Water and Agricultural Organization of Tehran province for 1991 ...
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In the present study, water allocation of Latian Dam between agricultural products was evaluated by using inexact two-stage optimization model and the final results were compared to a fuzzy interval. Data were collected from the Regional Water and Agricultural Organization of Tehran province for 1991 to 2009 years. The results showed that by using interval fuzzy programming, 63%, 69%, 49% and 33% of water requirements of barley, agricultural products, vegetables and forage maize crops would be required at the best condition, respectively but the final amount of water allocated to wheat is not known accurately. Also by using inexact two-stage optimization model in the case that water demand reaches to its lowest value, the system administrator works conservatively, and promises low water demand goal to the consumers. This will cause water shortage compared to the optimum condition. But when the target water demand reaches to the highest level, the manager put the water optimistically to the consumers. In this case, water shortage variable would increase in comparison to the optimum case. Comparison of the two models showed that the inexact fuzzy two-stage optimization model simultaneously increases system profit and uncertainty.
A. Karbasi; F. Rastegaripour
Abstract
AbstractIn this study the comparative advantage of wheat in Sistan was investigated by using DRC index and policy analysis matrix (PAM) during 2006-2007. Data were collected from Zabol Agri-Jahad organization and annual foreign trade database. The NPC index showed that there was an indirect tax on producers ...
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AbstractIn this study the comparative advantage of wheat in Sistan was investigated by using DRC index and policy analysis matrix (PAM) during 2006-2007. Data were collected from Zabol Agri-Jahad organization and annual foreign trade database. The NPC index showed that there was an indirect tax on producers in all sectors. EPC index represented that there were nonsupport of input and output market in the center sector, but showed effectiveness of government intervention in Miankangi and Poshtab sectors. The NSP index were negative in all sectors. Result supports this idea that Sistan has not comparative advantage in wheat production. But increase in yield, decrease in production cost and improve in cropping pattern are approaches for usefulness of wheat production in Sistan region.
