ارائه یک مدل ترکیبی انعطاف‌پذیر برای پیش‌بینی قیمت محصولات کشاورزی؛ مطالعه موردی بازار گوشت ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی به زبان انگلیسی

نویسنده

موسسه پژوهش های برنامه ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی

چکیده

موضوع قیمت یک عامل کلیدی در فعالیت مالی و تجاری مرتبط با بخش کشاورزی است، به گونه‌ای که همواره فعالان بخش کشاورزی در معرض ریسک‌های ناشی از نوسان قیمت محصولات کشاورزی قرار دارند. این مسئله نه تنها منجر به تصمیم‌گیری نادرست در زمینه تولید بهینه محصولات در سال جاری می‌شود، بلکه می‌تواند اجرای تعهدهای مالی آنان را در سال‌های آتی با خطر روبه‌رو سازد. در سال‌های اخیر، نوسانات قیمت محصولات کشاورزی در ایران افزایش یافته است و لذا پیش‌بینی دقیق تغییرات قیمت ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. در مطالعه حاضر، یک رویکرد ترکیبی انعطاف‌پذیر در پیش‌بینی قیمت ماهیانه گوشت گاو، گوشت گوسفند و مرغ از آوریل 2001 تا مارس 2021 ارائه شده است. در این روش جدید، سه روش ترکیب انفرادی مختلف شامل روش میانگین‌گیری، روش تنزیل ‌شده و روش انقباض برای ترکیب خروجی‌های پیش‌بینی مربوط به سه مدل ترکیبی متشکل از شبکه عصبی پرسپترون (MLPANN)  و الگوریتم‌های تکاملی (الگوریتم ژنتیک GA، الگوریتم ازدحام ذرات PSO و الگوریتم رقابت استعماری ICA) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که بر اساس شاخص آماری RMSE، مدل ترکیبی پرسپترون- الگوریتم رقابت استعماری (MLPANN-GA) و روش انفرادی انقباضی با (K=0.25) دارای بالاترین دقت در پیش‌بینی قیمت گوشت گاو، گوسفند و مرغ است. همچنین عملکرد مدل پیشنهادی از اجزای آن (مدل‌های ترکیبی) بهتر است. روش پیشنهادی برای پیش‌بینی از نظر نوع محصول یا جایگزینی اجزای تشکیل‌دهنده دارای انعطاف‌پذیری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Flexible Combination Forecast Method for Modeling Agricultural Commodity Prices: A Case Study Iran’s ‎Livestock and Poultry Meat Market

نویسنده [English]

  • R. Heydari
Institute for Research in Planning, Agricultural Economics and Rural Development
چکیده [English]

In recent years, the fluctuation in agricultural commodity prices in Iran is increased and thus, accurate forecasting of price change is necessary. In this article, a flexible combined method in modeling monthly prices of beef, lamb and chicken from April 2001 to March 2021, was proposed. In this new method, three different approaches namely simple averaging, discounted and shrinkage methods were effectively used to combine the forecasting outputs of three hybrid methods (MLPANN-GA, MLPANN-PSO and MLPANN-ICA) together. In implementation stage of hybrid methods, based on test and error method, the optimal MLPANN structure was found with 3/2/4–6–1 architectures and the controlling parameters are carefully assigned. The results obtained from three hybrid methods indicate that, based on the RMSE statistical index, the MLPANN-ICA method performs the best when forecasting prices for beef, lamb, and chicken. The outputs of three combination approaches show that the shrinkage method, with a parameter value of K=0.25, achieves the highest prediction accuracy when forecasting prices for these three meats. In summary, the proposed method outperforms the other three hybrid methods overall.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural commodity prices
  • Forecasting
  • Hybrid method
  • Meat
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